09年8月16日 10:58
不知道有没有人发过,我传到纳米盘里了。港版第六版。 http://iask.sina.com.cn/user/my_ishare.php?uid=1405015352 淘宝上有人打印出来卖五十多。原版卖三四百。 我认为现在的青年如果没有时间读古代史和世界史,至少应该仔细研读一下这本中国近代史,能看到很多社会现状的根源。 没听说过这本书的同志先看看贺卫方的博客: 贺卫方:一国两版——或“肢解名著,情何以堪?”          香港中文大学出版社的两卷本。译校者与大陆一卷本相同,内容却大不一样          残版或歪曲本(世界图书出版公司2008年版)          旅美历史学家徐中约先生的经典著作《中国近代史》终于被翻译成中文,并且在香港和大陆分别出版繁体字版和简体字版(计秋枫、朱庆葆译,茅家琦、钱乘旦校,徐中约审订。繁体版由香港中文大学出版社出版,简体版由世界图书出版公司出版)。我在多年前搜集林则徐翻译国际法相关资料时,曾拜读过徐先生关于近代中外关系史的大作,看到《中国近代史》中文版出版,译校者足够专业,而且又是作者亲自审订,就毫不犹豫地掏出六十余元买了一本。   回来后翻阅,看到书前有出版者署名的一篇“出版前言”,其中说“作者浸淫西方学术多年,其理论立场、观点、思想倾向及批评标准与我们不尽相同。经版权所有者授权,我们对本书的一些内容进行了适当而审慎的编辑处理,其不妥之处还请读者见谅。”于是就对比了一下不同版本。真是“不比不知道,一比吓一跳”:本来的四十二章,居然遭到大砍大杀,只剩下二十九章。关于中华人民共和国,“第一个十年”之后,就直接进入到“中国重入国际社会”,中间近三十年的历史完全删除殆尽!   整章连片地砍杀之外,还有不间断的字句删改。下面是作者全书最后一节“二十一世纪初的中国”的一部分,我用红色字标出删改的部分,可以看出这种所谓“适当而审慎的编辑处理”到了这怎样令人震惊的程度。   如果中国经济按年增长率8%的速度持续下去,到2020年它的经济力量可能变成世界第一。在政治上,中国政府正在寻求用一种结合的哲学取代行将朽木的共产主义意识形态【改为“一种统合的哲学”】。这种哲学看起来应类似一种包含着传统儒学、爱国主义、民族主义【和少许反映历史上王朝观念的“大中华主义”】所组成的混合体。与此同时,为了保持经济势头的强劲,政府积极推进市场经济体制,【并实施那种新型买办式的、以利润为中心的准资本主义】。对于不能盈利的国有企业,政府将出售给私人股东;为鼓励个人购买住房,政府通过抵押贷款予以资助。军事上的投入也一直在稳步【合理】进行,使中国在国际政治中不失为一支重要的力量。   中国共产党已经从一个革命组织变成了执政的政党。它的主要任务是发展经济,提高民众生活水平,并提高中国的国际地位。【它不再宣扬自己是“无产阶级的先锋队”,也不再推崇第三世界的立场,而是渴望将中国提升到第一世界的前列。的确,追求财富、权势和国际尊敬,已经取代了对马克思主义乌托邦的理念。】   【经由十五届党代会(1997年9月)和全国人大(1998年3月)所选定的党和政府领导人,大部分都是年纪更轻、教育程度更高的都市化的技术官僚。前四位领导人:国家主席Jiang Zemin、副主席Hu Jintao、总理朱镕基、人大委员长LiPeng,都是大学毕业的工程师,他们将毫不犹豫地在二十一世纪将中国带入科学和资讯新时代。 党对人们生活的控制已大大放松,但依旧戒心十足地保持着它对政治权力的垄断。任何异议都是不允许的。一些异见人士在经过了长期刑罚以后以“保外就医”的理由驱逐到国外;宗教迫害依然存在。】   民众对此有何看法?【他们对缺乏政治自由感到遗憾,但还是接受了这是为换取社会稳定和经济繁荣的代价。他们觉得生活总的来说要比1949年人民共和国成立后的任何一段时期都自由得多。】他们有了选择工作、伙伴和居住的自由,可以购买汽车、旅行,生活水平确实得到大大提高。在过去,许多休闲享受被禁止,现在则听凭自便。他们普遍持有乐观的看法,认为自己的国家注定要起飞,明天的生活会更美好。他们渴望像其他文明国家居民那样生活。由于政府不再负责毕业分配,大学毕业生面对着恩更多的经济上选择。【他们变得更加实际,忙于谋划自己的事业,梦想着赚钱或者出国深造。他们没有时间为政治原因去参加游行和示威。】   人民憎恶任何社会大动乱,【例如文化大革命,】或导致社会和经济的大混乱的秩序破坏,就像共产党垮台【改为“苏联解体”】后俄罗斯所出现的那样。他们【不主张在中国以暴力推翻共产主义体制,但】主张内部【和平】变革,使它能更清醒、更敏锐地应付时代的挑战。通过【微小】进步的积累过程,一个更自由【改为“美好”】的政治制度最终一定会出现。他们希望中国融入到世界主流之中。   他们对香港回归、中国成为区域强国,以及到2020年将成为令人刮目相看的世界强国而感到骄傲。他们赞成与台湾和平统一,但不要设时间表。他们相信时间会站在他们一边,最终这两者会变为一体。   中国社会已变得越来越富裕,尤其是在大城市、沿海地区和南方。【领导层将会越来越多地感受到来自】日趋文明的社会里那些新生中产阶级【改为“层”】的压力。新的富裕阶层――企业家、金融家、投资人、电脑大亨、公司经理和商业巨头――会要求更大的政治参与和法治【,同时也会要求立法和预算上的发言权。政府将被迫在一定程度上给予言论、集会、出版的自由和宗教信仰、创作、艺术表达及地方选举的自由】。通过静悄悄的和平演变【改为“改革”】,一种中国式的、有节制的民主政体将应运而生。如果它是某种类似1919年五四运动以来学者和政治家们所追求的那种政体――中西文化精华的结合,完全现代化同时又具有鲜明的中国特色――它一定会为大多数中国人所接受。
09年6月17日 14:40
(CBS)In his recent interview, President Jiang told Wallace that accused spy Wen Ho Lee was not a spy for China. "I can tell you frankly, China was not in any way involved in Wen Ho Lee's case," Jiang said during the interview. "But we do know that he is a scientist." It is not strange, Jiang said, that Lee came to China and talked to Chinese scientists. "It's just as normal as some Chinese scientists travelling abroad," he said. "Allow me to quote a Chinese proverb which goes, 'If you are out to condemn someone, you can always trump up a charge.' We don't know what political motives are behind it. Today the Chinese still see Wen Ho Lee as a renowned scientist." When Wallace said that Jiang seemed nervous for the first time in the conversation, Jiang laughed, adding that he was not nervous and he asked Wallace whether he thinks Wen Ho Lee is a spy. When Wallace declined to answer, Jiang chuckled some more. Years ago when Jiang was a middle-school student learning English, he had studied the speeches of Thomas Jefferson and Abraham Lincoln. When he was a teacher, he used the Gettysburg Address in his course. Wallace asked him about this, and Jiang offered to recite part of it. "Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal," Jiang recited from memory. Wallace asked him why he learned part that so well. "I focused on the words, 'All men are created equal,'" Jiang said. "This had a great influence on students when I was young. And I think what Abraham Lincoln described still remains the goal of American leaders today." "Especially the last paragraph, 'The government of the people by the people and for the people shall never perish from the earth,'" he added. Wallace then asked Jiang about democracy: "Why is it that Americans can elect their national leaders, but you apparently don't trust the Chinese people to elect your national leaders? " "I am also an elected leader, though we have a different electoral system," Jiang said. "Each country should have its own system because our countries have different cultures and historic traditions, and different levels of education and economic development." Jiang was chosen by the top leaders of the Communist Party. Public elections occur only in some villages and small towns, and candidates must either be members of the Communist Party or run as independents. Wallace asked Jiang why China had a one-party state. "Why must we have opposition parties?" Jiang responded. "You are trying to apply the American values and the American political system to the whole world. But that is not very wise." "Let me be frank," Jiang said. "China and the United States differ greatly in terms of our values. You Americans always use your values in makig judgments about the political situation in other countries. We want to learn from the West about science and technology and how to manage the economy, but this must be combined with specific conditions here. That's how we have made great progress in the last 20 years." China's standard of living has been rising dramatically. In China, as in America, the economy largely determines the level of the people's satisfaction with their government. Jiang maintains that the vast majority of Chinese believe a strong one-party rule is the best way to hold the huge population together and to keep the economy growing. Stability is the top priority, sometimes at the expense of human rights. Wallace asked him about human rights and about the Chinese government's persecution of the religious group Falun Gong. "Their leader, Li Hongzhi, claims to be the reincarnation of the chief Buddha, and also a reincarnated Jesus Christ," Jiang said. "Can you believe that? He said that doomsday was about to come and that the Earth was going to explode. In fact what he says are just fallacies to deceive people. But as a result of his preaching, many families were broken and many lives were lost. So after careful deliberations, we concluded that Falun Gong is an evil cult." Jiang pointed out that no Falun Gong followers have ever been sentenced to death. But 26 of them have reportedly died in police custody. Jiang told 60 Minutes the Falun Gong has driven thousands of its members to commit suicide. The Falun Gong said that's ridiculous - that it does not encourage suicide and that it's still going strong despite the Chinese government's efforts to quash it. Asked about the Chinese government's persecution of Christians, Jiang said that Christians have not been persecuted in China, and that the constitution protects religious freedom, including Christianity. "But Falun Gong is a cult," he said. "It is totally different from Christianity." Jiang has always favored tough government controls of the press. "The press," he said, "should be a mouthpiece of the Party." "I think all countries and parties must have their own publications to publicize their ideas," Jiang told Wallace. "We do have freedom of the press, but such freedom should be subordinate to and serve the interests of the nation. How can you allow such freedom to damage the national interests?" Wallace asked Jiang why it had blocked certain Internet sites, including the BBC's and the Washington Post’s. "We hope people will learn a lot of useful things from the Internet," Jiang said. "However, sometimes there is also unhealthy material - especially pornography on the Internet - which does great harm to our youngsters." Wallace pointed out that the BBC and The Washington Post sites did not have pornography. "They might be banned because of some of their political new reports," Jiang said. "We need to be selective. We hope to restrict as much as possible information not conducive to China's development." China's previous leader, Deng Xiaoping, once said, "to get rich is glorious." Jiang said that while this outlook does allow some people to become wealthy before others, "The ultimate objective is prosperity for all." Wallace asked him if he thought America was more decadent than China. "Let me put it this way," Jiang said. "Due to many differences between our countries in historical traditions, ways of life, religious beliefs, etc., things you don't regard as decadent in the States, we may regard as decadent in China. That's why we have to be very selective." When he travels to America, Jiang will meet with American business leaders to urge them to increase their investments in China. Corporate America has long lusted after China's billion-buyer market, but China still sells a lot more to the United States than America sells to that country. In effort to change that, the White House has said that if the U.S. Senate approves permanent normal trade relations with China, as the House already has, that would force China to reduce tariffs and trade barriers, and therfore to buy more American goods. Jiang wants normal trade relations, too, and he ended the interview by underscoring that point. "I'm convinced that this interview will further promote the friendship and mutual understanding between our two peoples," said Jiang, who told Wallace that he admires America. "I want to promote mutual understanding between our two peoples."